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| Yajurveda(continued….)
Krishna Yajurveda’s Maitraayani
and Kaataka samhitaas braahmanaas are inter-mixed with the mantras. Taittireeya
Braahmana of the same samhita is available in print with Saayanaacharyaa’s commentary
on it. The Taittireeya Braahmana contains all the three parts of kaanda, 25 prapaatakas
and 308 anuvaakaas.
The four classes, the four-fold stages of
life (Varnaashrama) and rules and guidelines to lead an ideal life are beautifully
explained in detail. It also deals with the three svaras – udaatta,
anudaatta and svarita explicitly. Topics pertaining to Braahmana literature
such as Hetu, Nirvachana, Prashansaa, Ninda, Vidhi, Samshaya, Puraakalpa,
Vyavadhaarana, Parakriti, Kalpanaa, Upamaana etc.., are dealt with in this Braahmana. |
Yajurveda Murthy
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The Braahmana belonging to the Sukla Yajurveda is
called Satapatha Braahmana associated with both the available samhitas Maadhyandina
and Kaanva. This is so called because it contains a hundred chapters. The Satapatha
Braahmana of Maadhyandina Saakha is very voluminous and is also known as Vaajasaneya
Braahmana.
There are 14 cantos in
the Satapatha. The first nine cantos explain the various sacrifices. The tenth
contains Agnirahasya-the secret of fire. The tenth and eleventh chapters explain
many things about Agni-Chayana. The 12th canto discusses Praayaschitta
or atonement. Naramedha and Ashwamedha are the topics explained
in the 13th canto.
Dushyanta, Shakuntala,
their son Bharata, Satraajit, the king of Bharatas, their opponent Dhrutaraashtra,
the king of Kaasi, Parikshit’s son Janamejaya and his brothers Bheemasena,
Ugrasena and Srutasena also find mention in this canto. The 14th
canto is known as Aaranyaka.
The Satapatha mentions
about 33 devas – 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 12 Aadityas, the sky
and the earth. There are many scientific facts mentioned in Satapatha Braahmana.
Food sustains life. Energy is attained from food therefore food is praised as soma. "Annam
vai Somah (3.9.1.8). Man can not live without life force (Praana) for a single
moment. Therefore, Praana is called Prajaapati" (6.3.1.9). It is
understood from the 13.3.6 verse that 21 days were added every fourth year to update the
year. The Ashvamedha sacrifice was performed during this year.
The Satapatha belonging
to the Kaanva branch is somewhat similar to the Maadhandina branch. The
lineage of Goutama rishi is described in the Satapatha.
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